Detecting Qassimi Saudi Dialect in Saudi Digitally-mediated Communication: A Linguistic Perspective

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v24i1.567

Keywords:

digitally-mediated communication, language and media, linguistic analysis, Saudi dialect, WhatsApp chats

Abstract

This paper argues that there are some phonological, morphological and semantic spoken features that are faithfully transmitted to written texts in written interactions via social media. The study adopts a mixed methods approach to detect whether there is a match between the spoken Qassimi Saudi Dialect and its written counterpart. The data for this study comes from WhatsApp textual chats exchanged between 103 Qassimi Saudi speakers. In addition to the linguistic analysis of chats, an online questionnaire was employed to examine the perception of Qassimi as well as non-Qassimi Saudi speakers on whether words elicited from the data are from the Qassimi dialect or not. The findings indicate that some spoken features of Qassimi Arabic have been found in the written digitally-mediated communications of Qassimi speakers. Qassimi Dialect spoken features are found at the phonological, morphosyntactic and semantic levels. The findings of this study have a number of practical and methodological implications for linguists and dialecticians

Author Biography

Areej Albawardi, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia

Assistant Professor in Applied Linguistics

The Department of English Language, IAU

References

Alabeeky, Reem. (2022). ‘Word stress in Qassimi Arabic: A constraint-based analysis’. International Journal of English Linguistics, 12(1).

https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v12n1p98

AlAmmar, Deema. (2017). Linguistic variation and change in the dialect of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia: Feminine suffixes. PhD Dissertation, University of Essex.

Albawardi, Areej. (2018). ‘The translingual digital practices of Saudi females on WhatsApp’. Discourse, context & media, 25: 68-77.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2018.03.009

Albawardi, Areej and Rodney Jones. (2020). ‘Vernacular mobile literacies: Multimodality, creativity and cultural identity’. Applied Linguistics Review, 11(4): 649-676. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2019-0006

Aldarsoni, Sulaiman. (2015). Dictionary of spoken dialects in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://lahajat.blogspot.com

Alnuqaydan, Ahmed. (2022). Triconsonantal clusters in Qassimi Arabic. In Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology, 9.

https://doi.org/10.3765/amp.v9i0.5191

Al-Numair, Lubna. (2021). ‘The vowels of Qassimi dialect’. International Journal of English Linguistics, 11(5).

https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v11n5p91

Alothman, Ebtesam. (2012). Digital Vernaculars: An Investigation of Najdi Arabic in Multilingual Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication. United Kingdom: The University of Manchester.

Alrashed, Abdulmajeed. (2018). Descriptive analysis of Qassimi Arabic: Phonemic vowels, syllable structure and epenthetic vowels, and affrication. MA Dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

Al-Rojaie, Yousef. (2012). ‘Diminutives in Najdi Arabic: An account of socio-pragmatic variation’. Journal of Human and Administrative Sciences, 1(2), 5-35. DOI 10.12816/0003656

Al-Rojaie, Yousef. (2013). ‘Regional dialect leveling in Najdi Arabic: The case of the deaffrication of [k] in the Qaṣīmī dialect’. Language Variation and Change, 25(1), 43-63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394512000245

Al-Rojaie, Yousef. (2021). ‘The effects of age and gender on the perceptions of linguistic variation in the Qassimi Arabic dialect’. Dialectologia: revista electrònica, 1-26.

https://raco.cat/index.php/Dialectologia/article/view/384808.

Androutsopoulos, Jannis. (2013). ‘Code-switching in computer-mediated communication’. Pragmatics of Computer-Mediated Communication, 667-694.

Androutsopoulos, Jannis. (2014). ‘Mediatization and sociolinguistic change: Key concepts, Research traditions, open issues’. In Jannis Androutsopoulos (ed.): Mediatization and Sociolinguistic Change, 3–48. Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter (linguae & litterae 36).

Coupland, Nikolas. (2009). ‘Dialects, standards and social change’. In Marie Maae-gaard, Frans Gregersen, Pia Quist and Jens Normann Jørgensen (eds.): Language Attitudes, Standardization and Language Change, 27–50. Oslo: Novus.

Coupland, Nikolas. (2014). ‘Sociolinguistic change, vernacularization and broad-cast British media’. In Jannis Androutsopoulos (ed.): Mediatization and Socio-linguistic Change, 67–96. Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter (linguae & litterae 36).

Crystal, David. (2002). ‘Language and the Internet’. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 45(2), 142-144.

Danet, Brenda. (2020). Cyberplay: Communicating Online. Routledge.

Darwish, Elsayed. (2017). ‘Factors influencing the uses, diglossia and attrition of Arabic language in social media: Arab youth case’. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 7(1), 250-257.

Eisenstein, Jacob. (2013). ‘Phonological factors in social media writing’. In Proceedings of the workshop on language analysis in social media, 11-19.

Eisenstein, Jacob. (2017). ‘Identifying regional dialects in on‐line social media’. The handbook of dialectology, 368-383.

https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118827628.ch21

Herring, Susan. (2012). Grammar and electronic communication. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, 1-9.

Huang, Fei. (2015). ‘Improved Arabic dialect classification with social media data’. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2118-2126.

Ingham, Bruce. (1994). Najdi Arabic: Central Arabian (Vol. 1). John Benjamins Publishing.

Itani, Maher, Chris Roast and Samir Al-Khayatt. (2017). ‘Developing resources for sentiment analysis of informal Arabic text in social media’. Procedia Computer Science, 117: 129-136.

Johnstone, Thomas. (1963). ‘The affrication of “kaf” and “gaf” in the Arabic dialects of the Arabian Peninsula’. Journal of Semitic Studies, 8(2): 210-226. https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/8.2.210

Jørgensen, Anna, Dirk Hovy and Anders Søgaard. (2015). ‘Challenges of studying and processing dialects in social media’. In Proceedings of the workshop on noisy user-generated text, 9-18.

Labov, William. (2001). Principles of Linguistic Change: Cognitive and Cultural Factors. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lee, Carmen. (2016). Multilingualism Online. Routledge.

Lowry, Julie. (2021). ‘Enregistering the Badawī dialect in Jāzān, Saudi Arabia’. Journal of Arabian Studies, 11(1), 38-55.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2021.1934953

Maegaard, Marie, Malene Monka, Kristine Køhler Mortensen and Andreas Candefors Stæhr. (eds.). (2019). Standardization as Sociolinguistic Change: A Transversal Study of Three Traditional Dialect Areas (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi-org.library.iau.edu.sa/10.4324/9780429467486

Milroy, Lesley and James Milroy. (1992). ‘Social network and social class: Toward an integrated sociolinguistic model1’. Language in Society, 21(1), 1-26. doi:10.1017/S0047404500015013

Mustafawi, Eiman. (2006). An optimality theoretic approach to variable consonantal alternations in Qatari Arabic. PhD Dissertation, University of Ottawa.

Omar, Margaret and Margaret Nydell. (1975). Saudi Arabic--Urban Hijazi Dialect: Basic Course. Foreign Service Institute, Department of State.

Paolillo, John. (2001). ‘Language variation on Internet Relay Chat: A social network approach’. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 5(2): 180-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00147

Stæhr, Andreas, Malene Monka , Pia Quist and Anne Larsen. (2019). ‘Dialect in the media: Mediatization and processes of standardization’. In Marie Maegaard, Malene Monka, Kristine Mortensen and Andreas Staehr (eds.) Standardization as Sociolinguistic Change, 169-189. Routledge.

Themistocleous, Christiana. (2010). ‘Online orthographies’. In Handbook of Research on Discourse Behavior and Digital Communication: Language Structures and Social Interaction, 318-334. IGI Global. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-773-2.ch020

Trudgill, Peter. (1986). Dialects in Contact. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

Yang, Chunsheng. (2007). ‘Chinese Internet language: A sociolinguistic analysis of adaptations of the Chinese writing system’. Language@ Internet, 4(2).

Zhang, Yi and Wei Ren. (2022). ‘From hǎo to hǒu - stylising online communication with Chinese dialects’. International Journal of Multilingualism, (ahead-of-print), 120. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2022.2061981

Zhang, Yi. (2020). ‘Adopting Japanese in a popular Chinese video-sharing website: Heteroglossic and multilingual communication by online users of bilibili.com’. International Multilingual Research Journal, 14(1): 20-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2019.1627856

Downloads

Date of Publication

2023-10-05 — Updated on 2024-01-02

Versions

How to Cite

Albawardi, A. (2024). Detecting Qassimi Saudi Dialect in Saudi Digitally-mediated Communication: A Linguistic Perspective. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies, 24(1), 341–364. https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v24i1.567

Issue

Section

Table of Contents

Most read articles by the same author(s)